英文過去式:規則、-ed 發音與不規則動詞表
最後更新:2026-11-10|Lingokids 台灣(先鋒教育)編輯整理
英文過去式用來說已經發生的事。規則動詞在字尾加 -ed(play → played),不規則動詞要個別記(go → went、eat → ate)。常搭配時間詞 yesterday、last week、ago。否定句用 didn't + 原形:I didn't go.
規則動詞過去式:4 個規則
| 規則 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 一般動詞加 -ed | play → played、walk → walked |
| 字尾 e 只加 -d | like → liked、dance → danced |
| 短母音 + 單子音,重複字尾再加 -ed | stop → stopped、hop → hopped |
| 子音 + y,y 改 i 加 -ed | cry → cried、study → studied |
| 母音 + y,直接加 -ed | play → played、stay → stayed |
-ed 的三種發音
| /ɪd/ | 字尾是 t、d:wanted、needed、painted |
|---|---|
| /t/ | 字尾是無聲音 p、k、s、sh、ch、f:jumped、looked、washed |
| /d/ | 其他(有聲音、母音):played、cleaned、opened |
30 個常用不規則動詞
| 原形 | 過去式 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| go | went | 去 |
| come | came | 來 |
| eat | ate | 吃 |
| drink | drank | 喝 |
| see | saw | 看見 |
| do | did | 做 |
| have | had | 有 |
| make | made | 做 |
| get | got | 得到 |
| give | gave | 給 |
| take | took | 拿 |
| say | said | 說 |
| run | ran | 跑 |
| swim | swam | 游泳 |
| sing | sang | 唱 |
| sit | sat | 坐 |
| sleep | slept | 睡 |
| read | read(念 red) | 讀 |
| write | wrote | 寫 |
| buy | bought | 買 |
| bring | brought | 帶來 |
| think | thought | 想 |
| teach | taught | 教 |
| catch | caught | 抓 |
| fly | flew | 飛 |
| draw | drew | 畫 |
| ride | rode | 騎 |
| find | found | 找到 |
| tell | told | 告訴 |
| break | broke | 打破 |
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過去式常用時間詞
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| yesterday | 昨天 |
| last night | 昨晚 |
| last week | 上週 |
| last year | 去年 |
| two days ago | 兩天前 |
| this morning | 今天早上(已過) |
| in 2025 | 在 2025 年 |
過去式的否定句與疑問句
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 肯定句 | I played soccer yesterday. |
| 否定句 | I didn't play soccer yesterday. |
| 疑問句 | Did you play soccer yesterday? |
| 簡答 | Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. |
小提醒:用了 didn't 或 Did,後面的動詞要回到原形:Did you go?(不是 Did you went?)。be 動詞的過去式 was / were 見 be 動詞。
用「今天做了什麼」練過去式
Mom: What did you do at school today?
Kid: I played with my friends. We sang a song. I ate rice for lunch.
Mom: Did you have fun?
Kid: Yes, I did!
在家練過去式的方法
- 睡前三句話 —— 每天睡前說三件今天做的事(見 睡前英文)
- 不規則動詞配對卡 —— go / went、eat / ate 翻牌配對
- 寫一行日記 —— Today I went to the park.
- 說故事 —— Once upon a time, there was a… 童話故事都用過去式
常用動作動詞見 動作英文(動詞)大全。
常見問題
Q:英文過去式怎麼變?
規則動詞在字尾加 -ed(play → played);字尾是 e 只加 -d(like → liked);短母音加單子音要重複字尾(stop → stopped);子音 + y 改成 -ied(cry → cried)。不規則動詞要個別記,例如 go → went。
Q:-ed 要怎麼念?
有三種:字尾是 t / d 時念 /ɪd/(wanted);字尾是無聲子音(p、k、s、sh、ch、f)念 /t/(jumped);其他念 /d/(played)。
Q:過去式的否定句怎麼寫?
用 didn't + 動詞原形:I didn't go.(不說 I didn't went.);be 動詞則用 wasn't / weren't。