英文助動詞:can、will、should、must 用法
最後更新:2026-11-10|Lingokids 台灣(先鋒教育)編輯整理
助動詞放在動詞前面,幫忙表達意思:can(會、可以)、will(將會)、should(應該)、must(必須)、may(可以、可能)。規則很簡單:助動詞後面接動詞原形,主詞是 he / she 也不加 s:She can swim.
常用助動詞一覽
| 助動詞 | 功能 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| can | 能力、許可 | 會、可以 | I can ride a bike. / Can I go out? |
| could | 過去能力、禮貌請求 | 以前會、可以…嗎 | Could you help me? |
| will | 未來、意願 | 將會、會 | I will call you. |
| would | 禮貌請求、想要 | 願意、想 | Would you like some juice? |
| should | 建議 | 應該 | You should drink water. |
| must | 義務、肯定推測 | 必須、一定 | You must wear a seat belt. |
| may | 許可、可能 | 可以、也許 | May I come in? / It may rain. |
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can 的用法(孩子最常用)
- 能力:I can swim. / I can't whistle. 我會游泳 / 我不會吹口哨。
- 許可:Can I have a cookie? —— Yes, you can. 我可以吃餅乾嗎?
- 請求:Can you help me? 你可以幫我嗎?
can 的否定是 cannot / can't。
否定與疑問句
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 肯定 | He can dance. |
| 否定 | He can't dance. / He cannot dance. |
| 疑問 | Can he dance? —— Yes, he can. / No, he can't. |
| should 否定 | You shouldn't eat too much candy. |
| must 否定 | You mustn't touch it.(絕對不可以) |
do / does / did:幫忙問問題的助動詞
- Do you like pizza? —— Yes, I do.(現在式,I / you / we / they)
- Does she like pizza? —— No, she doesn't.(現在式,he / she / it)
- Did you go to school? —— Yes, I did.(過去式,見 過去式)
will 的未來用法見 未來式,have / has 見 現在完成式。
常見錯誤
| ❌ 錯誤 | ✅ 正確 |
|---|---|
| She can swims. | She can swim. |
| I can to dance. | I can dance. |
| Can you helping me? | Can you help me? |
| He musts go. | He must go. |
練習:「我會、我不會」遊戲
輪流說一件會的事和不會的事:I can jump. I can't fly! 再問對方:Can you whistle? 更多動作見 動作英文。
常見問題
Q:助動詞是什麼?
助動詞(auxiliary / modal verbs)放在主要動詞前面,幫忙表達能力、可能、許可、義務或時態,例如 can、will、should、must、may,以及 do / does / did、have / has。
Q:助動詞後面接什麼?
情態助動詞(can、will、should、must、may)後面一律接動詞原形,而且不用加 s:She can swim.(不說 She can swims.)
Q:can 和 may 都可以表示「可以」嗎?
都可以表示許可;may 比較禮貌、正式(May I come in?),can 較口語(Can I go out?)。can 另外也表示「能力」。