關係代名詞:who、which、that、whose 用法
最後更新:2026-11-10|Lingokids 台灣(先鋒教育)編輯整理
關係代名詞用來把兩個句子合成一句,並修飾前面的名詞:人用 who、事物用 which、人和事物都可用 that、表示「誰的」用 whose。例:I have a friend who loves cats.(我有一個喜歡貓的朋友。)
關係代名詞一覽
| 關係代名詞 | 用於 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| who | 人(主格) | The girl who sings is my sister. |
| whom | 人(受格,較正式) | The man whom I met is a doctor. |
| which | 事物 | This is the book which I like. |
| that | 人或事物 | The cake that Mom made is yummy. |
| whose | 所有格(誰的) | I have a friend whose dog is huge. |
怎麼把兩句合成一句?
I have a friend. + She lives in Tainan.
→ I have a friend who lives in Tainan.
This is the toy. + I bought it yesterday.
→ This is the toy that / which I bought yesterday.
I know a boy. + His father is a pilot.
→ I know a boy whose father is a pilot.
步驟:找出兩句共同的名詞 → 用關係代名詞取代第二句的那個字 → 接在名詞後面。
that 和 which 的差別
- 限定用法(沒有逗號):The bike that / which is red is mine. 兩個都可以
- 非限定用法(有逗號,補充說明):My bike, which is red, is new. 只能用 which
關係代名詞可以省略的時候
- 當受詞時可省略:The movie (that) we watched was funny.
- 當主詞時不能省略:The girl who sings… 的 who 不能拿掉
常見錯誤
| ❌ 錯誤 | ✅ 正確 |
|---|---|
| The boy which is tall… | The boy who is tall…(人用 who) |
| The book who I read… | The book that / which I read… |
| My dog, that is cute, … | My dog, which is cute, … |
| I have a friend who she likes cats. | I have a friend who likes cats.(不要重複 she) |
練習:描述家人和朋友
試著用 who 介紹身邊的人:My mom is a person who loves cooking. / I have a friend who can swim fast. 代名詞基礎見 代名詞與所有格,文法總覽見 英文文法入門。
常見問題
Q:關係代名詞有哪些?
最常用的有 who(人)、whom(人,受格)、which(事物)、that(人或事物)、whose(所有格,誰的)。
Q:that 和 which 有什麼不同?
兩者都能用在事物;在限定用法(沒有逗號)中常用 that 或 which;加逗號的補充說明(非限定用法)只能用 which,不能用 that。
Q:關係代名詞可以省略嗎?
當關係代名詞在子句中當受詞時可以省略,例如 The book (that) I read was fun.;當主詞時不能省略。