被動式:be + 過去分詞用法與主動改被動
最後更新:2026-11-10|Lingokids 台灣(先鋒教育)編輯整理
被動式的句型是 be 動詞 + 過去分詞,用來強調「被做的那一方」:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃掉了)。主動改被動:把受詞移到前面當主詞,動詞改成 be + 過去分詞,需要時用 by 說明是誰做的。
主動句改被動句
主動:Tom ate the cake.
被動:The cake was eaten (by Tom).
主動:Mom cleans the room every day.
被動:The room is cleaned every day.
- 把原本的受詞(the cake)移到句首當主詞
- 動詞改成 be + 過去分詞,be 動詞依時態和主詞變化
- 原本的主詞放到 by 後面(可以省略)
各時態的被動式
| 時態 | 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 現在式 | am / is / are + p.p. | English is spoken in many countries. |
| 過去式 | was / were + p.p. | The window was broken yesterday. |
| 未來式 | will be + p.p. | The party will be held on Saturday. |
| 現在進行式 | am / is / are being + p.p. | The car is being washed. |
| 現在完成式 | have / has been + p.p. | The homework has been finished. |
| 助動詞 | can / must + be + p.p. | It can be done. |
什麼時候用被動式?
- 不知道是誰做的:My bike was stolen. 我的腳踏車被偷了。
- 不重要是誰做的:Rice is grown in Taiwan. 台灣種稻米。
- 強調接受動作的一方:The baby was born in May. 寶寶五月出生。
- 說明作品作者:This song was written by my sister.
生活中常見的被動式
- I was born in 2018. 我 2018 年出生。
- It's made of wood. 它是木頭做的。
- The store is closed. 店關了。
- I'm interested in dinosaurs. 我對恐龍有興趣。
常見錯誤
| ❌ 錯誤 | ✅ 正確 |
|---|---|
| The cake was eat. | The cake was eaten.(過去分詞) |
| The window broken. | The window was broken.(要有 be 動詞) |
| I born in 2018. | I was born in 2018. |
| English is speak here. | English is spoken here. |
文法總覽見 英文文法入門。
常見問題
Q:被動式的句型是什麼?
被動式是 be 動詞 + 過去分詞,例如 English is spoken here.(這裡說英文)、The window was broken.(窗戶被打破了)。
Q:什麼時候用被動式?
當動作的接受者比做動作的人更重要,或不知道 / 不需要說是誰做的時候,例如 My bike was stolen.(腳踏車被偷了,不知道誰偷的)。
Q:被動式一定要加 by 嗎?
不一定。只有需要說明「是誰做的」才加 by,例如 This book was written by my teacher.