do / does 用法與第三人稱單數
最後更新:2026-11-10|Lingokids 台灣(先鋒教育)編輯整理
he / she / it(第三人稱單數)搭配現在式時,動詞要加 s / es:She likes cats. 疑問句與否定句改用 does / doesn't,後面動詞回到原形:Does she like cats? She doesn't like cats.
do 還是 does?
| 主詞 | 用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | do / don't | Do you like apples? |
| he / she / it / Tom / my mom | does / doesn't | Does he like apples? |
主詞與代名詞見 代名詞與所有格。
動詞加 s / es 規則
| 類型 | 規則 | 原形 | 第三人稱單數 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一般動詞 | 加 -s | play、like | plays、likes |
| 字尾 s、sh、ch、x、o | 加 -es | watch、wash、fix、go、do | watches、washes、fixes、goes、does |
| 子音 + y | y 改 i 加 -es | study、fly、cry | studies、flies、cries |
| 母音 + y | 直接加 -s | play、say | plays、says |
| 不規則 | have → has | have | has |
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三種句型對照
| 句型 | 第三人稱單數 | I / you | 重點 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 | She likes milk. | I like milk. | 動詞加 s |
| 否定句 | She doesn't like milk. | I don't like milk. | doesn't + 原形 |
| 疑問句 | Does she like milk? | Do you like milk? | Does + 主詞 + 原形 |
| 簡答 | Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. | Yes, I do. / No, I don't. | — |
← 手機可左右滑動表格 →
常見錯誤
| 錯誤 | 正確 |
|---|---|
| Does he likes cats? ✗ | Does he like cats? ✓ |
| She don't like it. ✗ | She doesn't like it. ✓ |
| He have a dog. ✗ | He has a dog. ✓ |
| My mom cook dinner. ✗ | My mom cooks dinner. ✓ |
和 be 動詞的差別
be 動詞句(She is happy.)的疑問句直接把 is 移到前面(Is she happy?),不用 does。be 動詞見 be 動詞 am、is、are。
親子練習
- 介紹家人 —— My dad drinks coffee. My sister plays the piano.(見 家人英文)
- 猜猜誰喜歡 —— Does Grandma like ice cream? Yes, she does!
- 每天的習慣 —— He always brushes his teeth.(見 頻率副詞)
先會說,再懂規則
第三人稱單數對孩子來說,最好的學法是「先大量聽、說,再整理規則」。幼兒階段可以透過遊戲和情境自然吸收句型,例如 Lingokids 用互動遊戲、歌曲和角色對話,讓 2–8 歲孩子在玩中反覆接觸常用句型;上小學後再搭配本文規則整理,會更容易理解。更多文法見 英文文法入門。
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常見問題
Q:第三人稱單數是什麼?
第三人稱單數指 he、she、it,以及一個人或一樣東西(Tom、my mom、the dog)。現在式時,動詞要加 s / es。
Q:do 和 does 怎麼分?
I、you、we、they 用 do;he、she、it(第三人稱單數)用 does。例:Do you like cats? / Does she like cats?
Q:用了 does,動詞還要加 s 嗎?
不用。does 已經代表第三人稱單數,後面的動詞要用原形:Does he like…?(不是 likes)、He doesn't like…。